Launcher won't properly download files during install (Linux)

Installing the Minecraft launcher with the .deb file provided on Minecraft's download page won't properly download the needed files in order for the launcher to start. On a clean install, the Minecraft launcher will drop only 2 files to the .minecraft folder, launcher_log.txt and launcher_settings.json, both of which have missing information (launcher log attached). The launcher will then procrede to crash, however will still be running in the background not doing anything.

I have tried using files from a first party Windows install and a third party Snap store install and dropped them into the .minecraft folder, however the farthest I have gotten was the "loading" screen forever spinning after logging in (screenshot attached). When I go into the launcher_log.txt after this, it appears to get stuck on a connection with
"[Info: 2021-01-15 19:22:05.279885363: NetQueue.cpp(466)] NetQueue: Action finished: https://launchermeta.mojang.com/v1/products/launcher/6f083b80d5e6fabbc4236f81d0d8f8a350c665a9/linux.json
[Info: 2021-01-15 19:22:05.279976783: NetQueue.cpp(487)] NetQueue: Action finalized: https://launchermeta.mojang.com/v1/products/launcher/6f083b80d5e6fabbc4236f81d0d8f8a350c665a9/linux.json"
and then the log ends there with no other information.