[Linux] Any version older than 1.14 crashes with no report

Issue:

This may be similar to a few other issues, but I couldn't find one that exactly matched my case. Using both the default launcher download (.deb for ubuntu, generic for Fedora), and the beta download (only tested on Ubuntu), Any version older than 1.14 (1.13 and below) crashes with no report except for the attached image. When I check the log in ~/.minecraft/logs/latest.log only a few lines appear, with no apparent error.

I've tried setting the specific installation for the old version to its own directory as well, but that doesn't change anything. This has happened over multiple attempts at completely reinstalling the launcher, and Minecraft. I've included the log file for version 1.12.2 as that's the specific one I want to use, though a similar report appears for any other version below 1.14.