All historical versions of Minecraft crash

I am running the Minecraft Java edition on the latest version of Ubuntu, and I just updated my launcher to the newest version. I have been playing on a modded version of 1.7.10 for pretty much the entire summer and it has run wonderfully until I updated the launcher. this launcher will now only run 1.14.4 and the latest snapshot. I have tried deleting my .minecraft folder and reinstalling the game, and I have attempted to run fresh installs of 1.7.10, 1.12, and 1.14.4. I know playing with mods is somewhat controversial, but I would definitely hate for all of the work I put into that world to go to waste and would appreciate any advice you can give me. Thank you!