Placing a block in a wall causes strange transparency

What I expected to happen was...:
I expected to show textures as normal
What actually happened was...:
Photos speak for themselves. Placing non transparent blocks causes to see through the wall. Placing a transparent block causes that block to not be seen, except for the hitting box.
Also torches are placed wrong.
Steps to Reproduce:
1. Put a block in a wall, sometimes near a hole.