Potential exploit with ore vein generation in swamps and rivers
It seems that ore vein generation is somehow tied to generation of clay patches in swamps, and clay/gravel patches in rivers. This allows players to obtain diamonds easily on most seeds.
This issue is explained in this video.
Update: this appears to affect all ore generation, not only diamond. The method consists of finding the center of the said patches, and digging down with the same X coordinate, but with a Z-coordinate offset, then digging down and finding the ore vein. The results found in the video are as described:
SWAMP_CLAY COAL will work reliably on 62.5% of seeds. Z offset 7 occurs with probability 0.375068 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.249943 Z offset 14 occurs with probability 0.12498 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.093544 Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.0625 SWAMP_CLAY IRON will work reliably on 68.75% of seeds. Z offset 10 occurs with probability 0.374945 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.187534 Z offset 9 occurs with probability 0.124971 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.062561 Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.062541 SWAMP_CLAY GOLD will work reliably on 75.0% of seeds. Z offset 14 occurs with probability 0.749988 Z offset 8 occurs with probability 0.125011 Z offset 5 occurs with probability 0.093649 Z offset 2 occurs with probability 0.02348 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.005881 SWAMP_CLAY REDSTONE will work reliably on 81.25% of seeds. Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.374988 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.250116 Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.187387 Z offset 12 occurs with probability 0.062435 Z offset 9 occurs with probability 0.04682 SWAMP_CLAY DIAMOND will work reliably on 87.5% of seeds. Z offset 8 occurs with probability 0.500088 Z offset 6 occurs with probability 0.3749 Z offset 15 occurs with probability 0.062528 Z offset 12 occurs with probability 0.046895 Z offset 10 occurs with probability 0.011681 SWAMP_CLAY LAPIS will work reliably on 93.75% of seeds. Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.500081 Z offset 12 occurs with probability 0.249968 Z offset 10 occurs with probability 0.187493 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.031219 Z offset 0 occurs with probability 0.023369 RIVER_CLAY COAL will work reliably on 56.25% of seeds. Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.249875 Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.187583 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.125 Z offset 0 occurs with probability 0.124946 Z offset 8 occurs with probability 0.093816 RIVER_CLAY IRON will work reliably on 62.5% of seeds. Z offset 7 occurs with probability 0.375003 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.250036 Z offset 14 occurs with probability 0.124858 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.093674 Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.062551 RIVER_CLAY GOLD will work reliably on 68.75% of seeds. Z offset 10 occurs with probability 0.375082 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.187578 Z offset 9 occurs with probability 0.125048 Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.062424 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.062411 RIVER_CLAY REDSTONE will work reliably on 75.0% of seeds. Z offset 14 occurs with probability 0.75008 Z offset 8 occurs with probability 0.125033 Z offset 5 occurs with probability 0.093684 Z offset 2 occurs with probability 0.023408 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.005823 RIVER_CLAY DIAMOND will work reliably on 81.25% of seeds. Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.374965 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.249936 Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.187548 Z offset 12 occurs with probability 0.062526 Z offset 9 occurs with probability 0.046733 RIVER_CLAY LAPIS will work reliably on 87.5% of seeds. Z offset 8 occurs with probability 0.499903 Z offset 6 occurs with probability 0.375183 Z offset 15 occurs with probability 0.062463 Z offset 12 occurs with probability 0.046953 Z offset 10 occurs with probability 0.011689 GRAVEL COAL will work reliably on 50.0% of seeds. Z offset 13 occurs with probability 0.499963 Z offset 7 occurs with probability 0.249939 Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.187339 Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.047155 Z offset 9 occurs with probability 0.011795 GRAVEL IRON will work reliably on 56.25% of seeds. Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.250058 Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.187465 Z offset 0 occurs with probability 0.124965 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.124954 Z offset 8 occurs with probability 0.093892 GRAVEL GOLD will work reliably on 62.5% of seeds. Z offset 7 occurs with probability 0.374988 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.250066 Z offset 14 occurs with probability 0.124927 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.09385 Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.062465 GRAVEL REDSTONE will work reliably on 68.75% of seeds. Z offset 10 occurs with probability 0.374878 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.187476 Z offset 9 occurs with probability 0.125008 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.062573 Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.062502 GRAVEL DIAMOND will work reliably on 75.0% of seeds. Z offset 14 occurs with probability 0.74992 Z offset 8 occurs with probability 0.125093 Z offset 5 occurs with probability 0.093641 Z offset 2 occurs with probability 0.023651 Z offset 11 occurs with probability 0.005766 GRAVEL LAPIS will work reliably on 81.25% of seeds. Z offset 3 occurs with probability 0.375061 Z offset 4 occurs with probability 0.250105 Z offset 1 occurs with probability 0.187341 Z offset 12 occurs with probability 0.062501 Z offset 9 occurs with probability 0.046835