The /playsound command only plays at a fixed point when the command is directed at a player.
Assume that the player is moving at some high speed.
What I expected to happen was...:
When the /playsound command is directed at the player, the sound plays in its entirety no matter what speed the player is going.
What actually happened was...:
Some of the sounds get cut off because the player is going too fast. Knowing this, the /playsound command actually plays at a fixed point when the command is directed at a player.
Steps to Reproduce:
1. Get a redstone loop to play the sound at a fixed amount of time.
2. Fly in creative mode or use the /effect command to give the player a very high speed boost.
Note: I have attached a world with a redstone loop playing a sound of a wolf howl, which takes around 3 seconds to play in its entirety.
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