Cycling through survival/spectator modes glitches the character into the ground and causes suffocation damage

The bug

Cycling through survival/spectator modes two or three times glitches the character one block down into the ground per cycle as well as causing suffocation damage.

How to reproduce

1. Be in survival mode and stay on the ground
2. Hold F3 and press N a few times (four to six times, sometimes two is enough) to cycle through game modes
   → Notice you glitch into the ground taking suffocation damage
3. Keep on cycling
   → Character continues going down one block per cycle