[MC-151530] No context is current or a function that is not available in the current context was called [caused by unsupported hardware]

Moderator Note

This is generally caused by outdated hardware that is no longer supported by Minecraft. Please check the minimum system requirements for more information.

You will probably still be able to run older versions of the game.

The bug

When launching Minecraft, the following error message appears in the launcher log, and Minecraft cannot launch successfully.

FATAL ERROR in native method: Thread[Client thread,5,main]: No context is current or a function that is not available in the current context was called. The JVM will abort execution.
	at org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glAlphaFunc(Native Method)
	at com.mojang.blaze3d.platform.GlStateManager.alphaFunc(SourceFile:85)
	at cyc.au(SourceFile:538)
	at cyc.b(SourceFile:394)
	at net.minecraft.client.main.Main.main(SourceFile:155)