Crashing when starting 1.5.1 and earlier, exit code 1

Whenever I try to open 1.5.2 or earlier, it shows the Mojang logo for a few seconds, then crashes. Update since I started this report: 1.5.1 now just refuses to start and complains about some minidump thing.

Reason I put 1.12+ as affected: 1.5.2 wasn't an option.